Hot-liquid power plant.



G. SAUTTER. HOT LIQUID POWER PLANT. APPLICATION FILED APR. 3, 1905.

924 .838w Patented June 15,1909.

quantities of hot Water at 9. temperature of about 180 C. or even shove must be dischewed.

The quantity of energy represented by the sometimes ducecl is then utilized in a turbine and the she the first fell nressure takes place st oi the hotliquicl itself, the sec-- GASTON SAUE'TER, 6F PARIS, FllilllCE.

HO-LEQUIID PQWER PL tion li'ietters Patent.

' Patented. June 1 5, 1909.

Applicationifiled April 3, .1305. Serial No. 253,713.-

l'o e i wltt iit it ii guy concern: 1

t l: on that l, lesson Ssurrnn, of I is ice, have invented new and usel I: 1 T l 121:.

improvement in Hot illiquid lotver i h ir'nprovenie 18 fully set forth 1 is the .l OllGV. lug specifics on.

invention has for its object the recovrroin hot liquids by the action vacuum on these liquids, combined with 'oloynient of stesin turbine.

ies in which hot liquids are cinsuch as the chemicei end dyeing in Works in which organic matters QXtiSctG etc, it often-happens that large "volumes of Water thus thrown away is often considerable; not only is this heat completely lost, but the disc ergo of the liquid csuses considerable nuisance. This invcution for its object to recover portion of the energy thus lost, by employing the heat of the liquid itself for vaporizing t tion of its Weight. The steam thus pro- Work of the turbine is employed for sired pursiose.

orclc 0 vaporize a portion of the liquid, it necessary to submit it to the action of vacuum for this purpose it is put into communication with s condenser. A fall pr ssure is thus produced between ti initial pressure of the hot liquid (s pressure which he lower than. equal to or greater than me u "cleric pessure) slid the depression due to the condenser. A. fall in temperature corresponds to this full in pressure which is utilizerl to vaporize :1 fraction calculable before hu-nd by the thermodynamic let of the Weight of the liquid. Steam is thus selleruteri, the weight oifgvhich depends upon the Weight of the hot liquid to be got rid oi. stesni is generated at s pressure lo iver than etmosph .ric pressure; it has therefore s specific volume.

v The Whole is carried out in such a n1: user "tlist diminution of pressure Ly the condenser dividod'into two any clein pressure takes place between the vessel which the hot liquid is vaporized en the condenser ltseh'. it is tiJJSJ'SGCOIHl l of the invention. slightly modified form of the invention.

all in pressure which allows the steam generator to flow through and drive the turbine. P is the absolute pressure at which the ,J vaporization takes place and the absolute pressure of the condenser, the turbine utilthe fall in pressure Pjp; P being supposed to be lower then stmosphe'ri c pressure.

igure l is s View in elevation of one form Fig. 2 is a similar View of s The arrangement illustrated in Fig. 1, of

the annexed drawing,- consists of a. vacuum chamber or condenser 1, a. fluid motor in the form of a steam turbine 2, and a closed vessel or receptacle 3, into which the hot liquid flows and in which there is the partial Vacuum due to the condenser.

4; is the pipe supplying the hot liquid to the 5 is a bent pipe through which the vessel 3 irom the vessel 8 steam generated passes out into the turbine 2.

is the exhaust pipe from the turbine 2 leading to the condenser l. The non vaporized liquid fiows out Run the Vessel 3, through the outlet pipe 7, the end 8 of which is bent into it goose neck, 9 being the outlet orifice.

Assuming that H is the atmospheric pressure :ineesured loy the height of e. column of the liquid, )tthe height of liquid, which added to the absolute pressure in the vessel 3, lmlguess the atmospheric pressure, 3? the shes-- lute pressure (in terms of the height of a column of liquid) in the vessel 3, and p the pres in the condenser, also measured by the height-cl s column of liquid. It will be seen that there is an equation: P=Hh.

' The total diminution of pressure created by the condenser 1 is eouel to H P. It is divideo. into tWopert-s: e diminution (HP) which represents'the full of pressure in the hot liquid. from its initial condition to' the pressure in the vessel 3 and a second. portion (Pp) which represents theisllot pressure in the steam genereted 1n the vessel 3, the,

steam expending through the steam-5' rhino 2 into the Vacuum in the condenssNi- @i course the principle is equally applieslile if the hot liquid is originally at s pressure above atmospheric pressure; in which case the initial fell in pressure no longer commenses with atmospheric pressure H, but with a, higher pressure. 611 the other hand, the arrangement may also he applied to a. liquid at pressure lower than atmospheric in the condenser which is i.) ll. 15.

caused to be: sayI portiouzil t0 the volume ol pressure and at a temperature lower-then 100 C. j 4

The method by which energy is recovered by meansof it condenser and o turbine is the some in all cases.

absolute pressure in the vessel 3 may be 0 K 60; the fell in tent perature in the ot liquid is then 15. It will be seent'hot esch kilogram of liquid frees 15 calories which ere utilized to vaporize-a fraction of the weight of the liquid. The steam thus produced in the vessel 3 is at on absolute pressure of G K- 60; it therefore expands in the turbine from the absolutepressure of O K 60 to the absolute pressure r'fl this method of employing energy in the form oi low pressure steam would be altogether ll!)- precticobleif a piston motor u :mployed.

The dimensions of piston metres being prosteurn which the 'I receive, very large sizes would be required, for in the preceding example the specific volume of the'kilogrsni of steam at the pressure of O K 60 is 2760 liters. it it'be desired to obtain it power of several hundred horse, motors of such enormous size would be required to be absolutely impossible in Practice' The steam turbine on the con-- trary, in which the fluid acts by speed, is still of a quite practicable size with large volumes of steam, it'thcrefore lends itself p srticulsrly to the employment of low pressure Ste-suns. Moreover the efficiency of turb' lllfi-TlIlCU-- lztrly with low pressure steer the main causes of loss, that .to say, friction 'of thesteztm on the wheels, is reduced to o.

minimum. The arrangement shownin 1 allows hot limiidssubmitted. to the'oction of a, vacuum to )8 ejected without employing such pumps. In fact the vessel 3 connected with the atmosphere through the pipe 78, which is bent into it goose neck. This has the result that in proportion. as the hot liquid passes into the vessel, it flows out with l regularity through the orifice J of the pipe 8.

The apparatus should be designed in such a manner that the dillcrence in lO-Vv'fl between the orifice 9 and the surface of the liquid in the vessel 3 is equal to the value ll -l", which represents in terms of the height ol n. volumn of liquid the dillcrence between utmoiuiheric If the suitable proportion of the steam turbine be suitably calculated, the l a excellent for ing; In fact the action. of the condenser. when it commences to-malre itself felt, will cause. the liquid to rise in the tube 7 by emptying the goose neck 8; it is therefore necessary that the height of the liquid in the ripe 7 should be at least equal to the height it, otherwise air would enter through the pipe 8 into the vessel. .3. Another condition is necessary for the working. The hot liquid must be prevented from. being suclred'into the turbine 2. For this purpose the pipe 5, which leads steam. into the turb1ne,'rpust be bent and there must be a, difference in level equal to the barometric pressure H measured in terms of the height of s eolumn'of liquid put the between the orifice" S) of the goose neck and seine arrangement in which the vessel 3 and certsined nature of my sold invention and in what manner the some is to be performed, I declare that shot i chum is? 1. An apparatus for Ollljttililllg mechanical. energy from hot water, corn *ising 2 closed receptacle for said hot t tter, means torreinoving surplus hot Witter troin the receptoole, whereby a reduction of pressure is obtitineddu said receptacle and steam is produced, a vacuum condo-user, e 'lluid motor, a. connection between. said receptacle and said motor, whereby the steam is conducted to the rector, end o. connection between the ex" huust outlet ol'the motor and the ci'indenser.

in uptuuntus for ohtuining mechanical energy from waste hot water, comijvrislng it closed receptacle for sold "We ts hot Witter, 'a discharge pipe having one the roi-eptnrle below the meter line of the some and having its other end below said level and open to the atmosphere, a steam pipe (nominated to the receptacle above the pressure and the pressure in the vessel 3.

On the other hand, the goose noel-z must he approximately equal to the insight this condition islnccessery for starting the opptratus in order tlutt'the goose neck 8 should always be lull'ot' liquid at the time ol' Witter level therein, u steam motor arranged to receive steam from said stezun pipe, and 8. vacuum muiclcnser connected with the ore houst side ol' the sold H1O tor.

An apparatus l'or obtaining mechanical energy from the hot water waste from indus trial plants comprising. a closed receptacle for said. waste, alpipe su plying the waste to the" receptacle above the evel of the liquid ther'ein, means forconstantl removing surplus water from the receptac e, a vacuum-producing condenser, a connection between said con-:-

denser and the receptacle above the level of the liquid therein, and a rotary motor interposed between the condenser and the receptacle and forming a part of the said connection.

4. An apparatus of the character describednects, and a condenser in communication with the engine.

5. An apparatus of the character described comprising a hot-liquid-receiving vessel, a goose-necked discharge pipe connected with one portion thereof, an approximately goosenecked steam supply pipe connected with another portion thereof, a turbine engine with which the latter pipe connects, and a .condenser in communication with the engine. 6. An apparatus of the character described comprising a -hot-liquid-rueeiving vessel, a discharge ipe connecting therewith below thelevel o the liquid, a bent steam supply p'ipemonnecting with the vessel above the evel of the liquid therein, a turbine engine with which the latter pipes connects,v and a condenser in communication with the engine.

17. An apparatus of the character described comprising a hot-liquid-receiving vessel, a

goose necked discharge pipe connecting therewith below the level of the liquid, a bent 40 steam supply pipe connecting with the ves-' sel above the level'ol' theliquid therein, a turbine engine with which the latter pipe connects, and a condenser in communicaties with the engine.

8. apparatus of'theclass described, comprising a'hot-liquid-receiving vessel, a goose neck'discharge pipe leading from the lower portion thereof, a steam pipe leading ortion of the vesse from the upper ortion thereof above the level of the liquid therein, a turbine engine arranged to receive the steam from; the latter pipe, and a condenser in communication with the engine the dischar e orifice of the goose neck being substantia y two-thirds the distance downward from the level of the liquid in the wessel to the lowermost point .of the goose neck.

9. An apparatus of the class described comprising a hot-liquid-receiving vessel, a turbme, vacuum means communicatmg with the turbine, a discharge pipe leading from the vessel, and a steam pipe connecting. the vessel to the turbine, the difference in level between the outlet of the discharge pipe and the point of junction between the steam pipe and turbine being at least equal to t 0 height of a barometric column of the li uid.

10. .An apparatus of the class descri ed, comprising a hot-liquid-receiving vessel, a turbine, vacuum means communicating with the turbine, a goose neck discharge pipe leading from the vessel, and a bent steam-pi e connecting the vessel to the turbine, t e

difierencein level between the outlet of the goose neckand the bend of the steam pi eleadin from the lower portion of the vessel, and a cut steam pipe connecting the upper eve 0 above the l the 'quid-therein with the engine, the difierence in level between-the outletpf the oose neck and the bend of the steanfpi e eing substantially equal to the height or a baremetric column of the liquid.

In testimony whereoi I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' GASTONSAUTTER, Witnesses: I C. DE MESTRAF,

HANSON C. Coxnr 7 5. eing substantially equal'to the height 0 a 

